Area:

The total Area of the Kingdom is 2.149.790 square km.

Location:

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Is Situated in the Heart of the Arabian Peninsula in the far south west of the Asian continent, bounded westward by the Red Sea, the Arabian Golf, UAE, and Qatar from the east, Iraq, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan from the north, Yemen and the Sultanate of Oman from the South.

Population:

The Total Number of Residents living in the Kingdom (according to the last census) is about 21.400.000. with a density of about 7.9 capita/sqkm.

Capital City:

The Capital of Saudi Arabia is Arriyadh city with a population of 1.8 million.

Spoken Languages:

Arabic is the formal and spoken language in Saudi Arabia. English and French are also used.

Currency:

The formal currency used in Saudi Arabia is the Riyal (SR), comprised of 100 Halala. Covered in gold and exchangeable to a number of foreign currencies (rated at 3.75 USD). The Monetary is divided into two categories: Paper bank notes (1SR, 5SR, 10SR, 20SR, 50SR, 100SR, 200SR, 500SR), Metal Coins (5 Halalas, 10 Halalas, 25 Halala, 50 Halala).

The National Flag and Emblem:

The Kingdom's flag displays in Arabic lettering of the Islamic testimony in Al thuluth font No God but Allah and Mohammad is his Prophet in white with a white Arabic sword under the testimony pointing at mass all on a green rectangular shaped background. with its width equaling 2/3 of its length, The Emblem symbolizing Saudi Arabia is Comprised of two x-crossed Arabic swords toped by a royal palm, the Swords symbolizes power, grace, and sacrifice, while the palm symbolizes life, growth, and prosperity.

System of Measure:

Saudi Arabia formally implements the SI system of measure for all its transactions.

Date Format:

Saudi Arabia formally implements the Hijri calendar (the migration of prophet Mohammad PBUH from Makka to Medina or known as Hijra) based on the lunar calendar (354 days) divided into 12 months.

Geography:

Saudi Arabia occupies the largest portion of the Arabian peninsula, it is comprised of tight shores on the Red sea (Tehama Planes) followed eastwards by a long mountain range spanning the country from north to South (Hejaz Mountain range and Assir with a maximum height of 2000 m above sea level) separating the Red sea shores from the midland desert Plato that consumes approximately 90% of the total area of the country, the greatest portion of which is the Nefud desert in the north and the empty quarter in the south, the eastern part of the country is made-up of vast costal planes along the shores of the Arabian Gulf.

Climate:

Climate in Saudi Arabia differs according to various regions and generally falls under the influence of the equatorial high pressure which makes hot dry summers and cold wet in winters.

Rainfall is scarce in most regions of the Kingdom with the exception of the south western highlands with some seasonal rain fall. Humidity increases in the costal areas and the western highlands most of the year, and decreases as we head to the inner planes.

Agriculture:

Agriculture has notably developed in the recent decade, while being duel in nature with the existence of a notable rural population with limited production and capital sided by modern production establishments with large capital investments.

Animal & Plant Life:

About 2.100 species of plants are recorded in Saudi Arabia, 35 types of which are domestic (about 3%), while seasonal plants make-up 35% to 40% of the recorded desert types that contribute to the floral image of the deserts. There exist some natural forests and highland savannas similar to that in north and east Africa that grow in the southern and southwestern parts of the country.

The vast region of Saudi Arabia contains a variety of animal life that owes existence to its adaptability to life in such environs. Large wild life reserves have been established to help preserve endangered species (Desert Onyx, and Gazelles) and protect them from illegal hunters. Domestic animals include: Camels, Cows, sheep, and other vital livestock such as: Steeds, Mules …etc.

Mineral Resources:

The Mineral wealth of the Kingdom lies in natural gas and oil production. The main resources are: natural oil (production: 424.7 million tons, Reserve: 35.6 billion tons), Natural Gas (production: 35.9 billion cubic meters, Reserve: 5250 billion cubic meters).

Industries:

Industry in Saudi Arabia is tied to its oil and gas production such as Petrochemicals processing and byproducts. Other industrial products include: Cement, Steel, animal feed, industrial acids and Alkalis, water desalination, and food packaging.

The Kingdom desalinates about 100 million cubic meters of sea water per year, in addition to extracting about 9.5 million cubic meters of water from underground aquifers to be consumed by the agricultural industry.

National Holidays:

In these National Holidays all branches of the government and the private sector restrain from work. The National Holidays in the Kingdom are As follows:

Weekends: the Weekend in the Kingdom are Thursdays and Fridays.

Eid Al Fitter Holiday: starts from the 25th of Ramadan to the 5th of Shawal (the following month) and lasts for about 10 to 14 day sin accordance with the weekend.

Eid Al Adha Holiday: starts from the 5th of thulhijjah to the 15th of the same month.

The National Day: The Kingdom celebrates its National Day in the first day of the Libra from the Zodiac celestial coordination system (23rd of September) of every year to commemorate the unification and establishment of the modern Saudi State by King Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud in 1932 (1351 Hijri).

World Rank:

The kingdom ranks 1st in oil production and reserves, 5th in natural gas reserves, and 10th in gas production; in addition providing suitable accommodations, food, and medical insurance for thousands of pilgrims traveling to the Holly city of Makka to perform Hajj, Umrah, and visit the Prophet's mosque in Medina every year as an obligation of the Saudi government.

Main Metropolitan Areas:

Makkah Al Mukarama: The Holly city and the provincial capital of Makkah Province, contains the Holly mosque and Al Ka'ba, prophet Abraham's post (Maqam) and the holly ritual sites of Mina, Arafat, Muzdalifa, also the home for Um Al Qura University and the Headquarters of the Islamic Conference.

Al Medina Al Munawara: located in the north west of the Kingdom. The provincial Capital for Al Medina Province, contains the second Holly mosque and the prophet's grave, the Islamic university, and King Fahad Complex for printing the Holly Qur'an.

Arriyadh: Situated at the heart of the Arabian peninsula. The National and provincial capital of Saudi Arabia. It contains all formal Ministries, foreign embassies and consulates, Al Yamama palace, Al Shoura council, The Conference Center, King Khalid International Airport, Media Centers, Diplomatic Quarter, King Saud University, Imam Mohammad bin Saud Islamic University, Qasser Al Hukum Area, King Fahad Security Academy, King Abdul Aziz Military Academy, King Faisal Air Force Academy, Al Takhassusi Hospital. King Khalid University Hospital, King Khalid Eye Hospital, and King Fahad National Guard Hospital.

Jeddah: Situated on the eastern shoreline of the Red sea forming a natural extension of Tehama costal planes. A major sea port, it played a historical role for being a major port and access to the Holly lands, and a traffic point for commerce and trade, which gave it its current status as one of the important ports for commercial distribution in the Kingdom, therefore it currently controls most of the commercial activities for containing major sea and land ports.

Abha: located in Assir province. The provincial capital for Assir Province, contains most of the Kingdoms tourist resorts, considered a tourism generator, it witnessed an outstanding growth in this field, it also contains a regional air port connected to other air ports in the Kingdom, Assir National Park, Al Soodah, Dalaghan, Al Qar'a, Al Hadhaba, Assahab, Al Mahala Vally.

Ha'il: Situated west of Addera' valley, also known as Ha'il Valley. It is considered as one of the major civic generators in the Kingdom, famous for a number of Archeological sites such as: Bastions, Palaces and Rock art sites displaying ancient inscriptions in sites like Yatib, Jannin, Faid, Habshy mountain, Jubbah that contain Thamudic inscriptions, and ancient graveyards in Dhaief and Al Sefin.

Al Baha: Situated in the South western part of the Kingdom. the provincial capital for Al Baha Province, a tourism generator with its calm beauty, high mountains, lush forests, and moderate weather, contains a number of floral population due to its fertile land, and famous weekly markets (about 25) that run for 6 days a week except Fridays.

Buraida: located in the heartland of the Kingdom, on the west bank of Arramla Valley. The provincial capital for Al Qassim Province famous for its agricultural products, contains King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Buraida Water Tower, King Khalid Civic Center, King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Sports City, and various cement, brick (cement, clay), sponge, furniture, and plastic production plants.

Tabouk: Situated in the north western part of the Kingdom. the provincial capital for Tabouk Province, considered one of the major agricultural centers of the Kingdom with a number of massive agricultural projects producing Wheat, fruit, and Poultry. Famous for flower cultivation and export, also contains a number of Islamic Archeological sites including Attoba Mosque in which prophet Mohammad PBUH prayed in before the Battle of Tabouk.

Jazan: Situated in the southern part of the Kingdom. the Provincial capital for Jazan Province, contains Jazan Dam one of the largest in the Kingdom with a storage capacity of 7.000.000 cubic meters, it is also rich in agricultural products, it also contains a number of old and historical monuments such as Uther settlement and Abu Areesh bastion, including Jazan Port on the Red sea cost the third largest in the Kingdom, and a major gateway for the Kingdoms southern region imports.

Dammam: located in the eastern province. the provincial capital of the Province famous for oil production, and contains the headquarters for Saudi ARAMCO, Al Jubail Industrial City, King Abdul Aziz Seaport, the headquarters for the Saudi Arabian Rail Rod Public Company, King Fahad Park, King Fahad International Airport. Dammam cornice, King Fahad University for Petroleum and Minerals, King Faisal University, and Air force Academy.

Skaka: Situated in the northern tip of the great Nefud. the Regional capital for Al Jawf Province, an agricultural center considered as one of wealthiest regions of the Kingdom in Archeological artifacts displaying various historical finds such as: Za'bal Fort, Al Sa'ee Hill, Arrajajil Columns, Attwair Fort, Marid Fort, and Omar ibn Al Khattab Mosque.

Ar'ar: Located in the northern border province. the regional Capital for the Northern Province, a geographically important city for being the cross roads for major routs (Iraq – Al Jawf – Medina – Al Qraiyat – Hafer Al Baten) in which the oil Tap line passes through.

Najran: Situated in the southwestern part of the Kingdom. The provincial Capital for Najran Province, famous for agriculture, it contains Najran Dam one of the biggest in the Kingdom with a storage capability of about 85.000.000 cubic meters. Contains a large number of Palm trees, and its most famous archeological site is the trench Al Ukhdood a biblical mentioned in the Holly Qur'an.